The z-score is the number of standard deviations from the mean. For a given x-value, mean (μ), and standard deviation (σ) the z-score is given by
... z = (x -μ)/σ
(a) x=196, μ = 180, σ = 8 gives a z-score of
... z = (196 -180)/8 = 16/8
... z = 2.0
(b) The area associated with x=2 is 0.4772
(c) Rounded to the nearest thousandth, this is 0.477
(d) Carl's subtraction gives
... 0.50 - 0.477 = 2.3%
Answer:
8.2786 x 10 to the second power, 7.313 x 10 to the second power
Step-by-step explanation:
