Hello. Unfortunately, you did not present the speeches to which this question refers, which makes it impossible for me to answer you. However, I will try to help you as much as possible.
The only way to answer this question is to read both articles completely and understand the arguments and opinions presented by the authors. After doing these readings, you should identify the text that was most significant to you. It is likely that this is the text that you agree with the author's arguments, or that managed to provoke a strong reflection in you. Once you've identified this, you should look for which part of this text that made an impact on you and managed to make you choose it. This part is the text element that was meaningful to you.
The authors purpose is the main idea of the story. What is the story focused on? What is the main topic that is being discussed over and over again. Main ideas are usually at the beggining and end of paragraphs/stories! hope this helped!!!
Stream of consciousness which came much later than the Romantic writers and artists.
The Second one has to be B. It cannot be the last 2. We as a species have failed to live up to the Romantic ideal. He is lecturing all people, not writing for them. He is disappointed in man's behavior.
I'm sorry I don't know the answer to the third one. My guess would be allusion. He is referring to Greek gods.
