They believed that smuggling was not at all a crime because the laws were very unjust. The Navigation Acts were laws that were meant to enrich England, and only benefit them.
Mohammed made explicit calls to treat people of other monotheistic faiths as brothers and sisters in religion. The most famous is the hadith where he asked Christians and Jews to pray alongside him in the mosque (even if they had no intention of converting to Islam). It is important to note, however, that he did not extend this tolerant attitude to the pagans, polytheists, and spirit doctors that he encountered throughout Arabia. Therefore, although he was incredibly tolerant for his period in history, he would not be considered tolerant by modern standards
C. Jim Crow Laws
The Jim Crow Laws further restricted AA movement in the US, especially in the South
