Answer: The Enlightenment was a cultural and intellectual movement, primarily European, that was born in the mid-eighteenth century and lasted until the early years of the nineteenth century.
• Mettinics innovation to curb nationalism 1799
• sweep of revolution across Europe 1848: The revolutions of 1848 were characterized by the importance of nationalist demonstrations and the beginning of the first organized demonstrations of the workers' movement.
• Formation of kingdom of Italy 1861: The Kingdom of Italy (in Italian: "Regno d'Italia") was the name assumed on March 17, 1861 by the state emerged after the Italian national unification (1848-1870) led by Victor Manuel II who was crowned King of Italy in 1861.
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So that many people were represented and their opinions heard.
Answer:
First, all three movements gained popularity with the middle classes. Second, All three movements were a product of the urban, rural divide in America. Third, all three movements had racial elements. The Temperance Movement grew out of the Second Great Awakening religious revival, as did Abolition. Temperance in the early 1800s transitioned from reduction of use of hard spirits to total abstinence. This reform movement was resisted by recent urban immigrant groups from Ireland and Germany because it ran counter to their cultural experience much as prohibition in the 20th century ran counter to the cultural experience of Southern and Eastern European immigrants. It was thought that drink was the cause of all evils in urban life. As in the other movements there was a racist component not far underneath the avowed purpose. The Health Reform Movement also focused on middle class fears of diseases like cholera and yellow fever emanating from garbage and filth in slums inhabited by recent immigrants. The movement had some basis in science as it advocated cleaning slum areas and providing clean water to slums as a city government service. Again the racist assumption was that immigrants woul not clean their own residential areas without public action. At the time the middle class paid private companies to carry away trash and cart in clean water for their use. The fear of cholera prompted health reform. Phrenology was a pseudo science claiming that. The shape of the head determined characteristics of the individual. It was later used by racists to support bogus theories of racial inferiority. So these movements aided Antebellum Americans in defining cultural norms and maintaining the status quo regarding racial hierarchies.
Explanation:
Mr. Justice Jackson, dissenting. . . .
Much is said of the danger to liberty from the Army program for deporting and detaining these citizens of Japanese extraction. But a judicial construction of the due process clause that will sustain this order is a far more subtle blow to liberty than the promulgation of the order itself. A military order, however unconstitutional, is not apt to last longer than the military emergency. Even during that period a succeeding commander may revoke it all. But once a judicial opinion rationalizes such an order to show that it conforms to the Constitution, or rather rationalizes the Constitution to show that the Constitution sanctions such an order, the Court for all time has validated the principle of racial discrimination in criminal procedure and of transplanting American citizens. . . . A military commander may overstep the bounds of constitutionality, and it is an incident. But if we review and approve, that passing incident becomes the doctrine of the Constitution. There it has a generative power of its own, and all that it creates will be in its own image. Nothing better illustrates this danger than does the Court’s opinion in this case. . . .
yes i copy and pasted but this is your answer
Answer:
Heated debate led to an overwhelming pro-secession vote. Georgia's declaration of causes made it clear: the defense of slavery was the primary cause for dissolving the Union. Future Confederate Vice President Alexander Stephens warned the decision would lead to war.
Explanation:
