Tsar Nicholas II's abdication came against a backdrop of a changing political, social and religious nation but the catalyst for change came through Russia's struggles in the First World War. Nicholas was chosen to rule by his family rite.
Mohammad Oma known as Mullah Omar, was the head of the Taliban in Afghanistan and emir of Afghanistan between 1996 and 2001. He was awarded the religious title of Emir of the Believers, which means that, for his supporters, he was the highest authority of Islam. He fought against the Afghan communists and their Soviet allies in the Afghanistan War (1978-1992) with American economic and military aid. He then formed his own movement, which seized power after the Afghan Civil War in 1996. He was overthrown by the US invasion in 2001, initiated after refusing to extradite Osama Bin Laden without a formal request for extradition.
Abdul Ghani Baradar is co-founder of the Taliban movement in Afghanistan and Afghan Taliban leader. Because Mullah Omar's lieutenant and leader of the Quetta Shura was captured, Baradar was seen largely as the de facto leader of the Taliban from 2009. He was captured by the US. and Pakistani forces in Pakistan on February 8, 2010, in a morning raid. In October 2018 the Afghan government announced the release of the detainee within the plan to facilitate the "peace process" initiated by the government with US support. and other countries.
Parliament emerged victorious following the implementation of the Magna Carta which marked the beginning of a change in which Parliament gained its political power. Henceforth, following the Glorious Revolution, a limited monarchy was formed and the English Bill of Rights which ensured the Parliaments superiority over the monarchy
