That waste product would be carbon dioxide.
A is your answer. When only one parent produces the offspring, they are essentially cloning themselves, and it is called asexual reproduction. The offspring only have the genes of the one parent. A lack of genetic diversity is one of the drawbacks to asexual reproduction.
I originally asked for the images but I will give it my best shot at answering your question without them! :D
There are only three types of plant tissues:
1. Dermal
2. Ground
3. Vascular
The dermal tissue is the outside of the plant's root, stem, or leaf, A.K.A the the skin. If you're looking at a circular image, what ever is pointing to the outside ring of the stem is the dermal tissue.
The ground tissue is the flesh of the plant that is inside the dermal tissue. It surrounds the vascular tissue in the middle of the stem. Whatever letter is pointing to the wide, fleshy ring, that is touching the dermal tissue is the ground tissue. It is the largest part of a plants stem, roots, or leaves.
Lastly, the very inner ring or rings of the plant is the vascular tissue. It's made up of xylem and phloem. This can be found in many different places depending on the part of the plant, but what you're looking for is tiny circles within the ground tissue. If you're looking at the roots, you will see one circle in the very center of the plant, surrounded by ground tissue. If you're looking at the leaves, you will see one circle as well, and additionally other tiny circles throughout the ground tissue in each wing. Lastly, if you're looking at the stem, you'll see a circle of tiny circles within the ground tissue. These small circles are all vascular tissue.
