What is difference between plasma cells and memory cells, and how do they prevent you becoming ill??

1 answer:

5 0

The difference between them is that they are active in fighting infection. Plasma cells are active in defense during the first exposure to invaders like viruses or bacteria producing antibodies. Memory cells last longer and make a copy of the invaders. This allows an extremely rapid defense later in case of a second exposure.

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ATP is used as a method of...

Charra [1.4K]

Answer:

A. converting chemical energy into a food.

This process is known as phosphorylation. Glucose can be converted into Glucose-6-phosphate by the addition of the phosphate group from ATP. ATP serves as the biological energy company, releasing energy for both anabolic and catabolic processes and being recharged by energy generated from other catabolic reactions.

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3 years ago

Based on the cladogram, which of these organisms are the most closely related?

Drupady [299]

According to the cladogram, arthropods are MOST closely related to which group of organisms? mollusks. annelids. echinoderms.

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3 years ago

Simple diffusion is another type of passive transport where molecules move from high to low concentration and it does not requir

Tamiku [17]

Option1) a cell membrane.
Option2) kinetic energy.

If none of these options are right. Can I please have the right answer, I would love to know.

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3 years ago

Indicate whether each of the following statements is true of depurination (DP), deamination (DA), or pyrimidine dimer formation

solniwko [45]

Answer:

- This process is caused by spontaneous hydrolysis of a glycosidic bond: depurination and deamination

- This process is induced by ultraviolet light: pyrimidine dimer formation

- This can happen to guanine but not to cytosine: depurination

- This can happen to thymine but not to adenine: pyrimidine dimer formation

- This can happen to thymine but not to cytosine: none

- Repair involves a DNA glycosylase: deamination

- Repair involves an endonuclease: depurination, deamination and pyrimidine dimer formation

- Repair involves DNA ligase: depurination, deamination and pyrimidine dimer formation

- Repair depends on the existence of separate copies of the genetic information in the two strands of the double helix: depurination, deamination and pyrimidine dimer formation

- Repair depends on cleavage of both strands of the double helix: none

Explanation:

Depurination is the loss of purine bases (either adenine or guanine), while deamination refers to the removal of an amino group. During depurination, a β-N-glycosidic bond is cleaved by hydrolysis and a nucleic base is released (either adenine or guanine). All DNA bases may undergo deamination, except thymine (since thymine does not have an amino group). The ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause thymine or cytosine to form dimers (e.g., pyrimidine dimers), being thymine dimers the most common lesion when DNA is exposed to UV light. Pyrimidine dimers may be repaired by different excision mechanisms, e.g., nucleotide excision repair, where the recognition of the DNA damage leads to the removal of the DNA fragment containing the lesion. DNA glycosylases are enzymes involved in the mechanism of base excision, these enzymes recognize and remove damaged bases by hydrolysis of the glycosidic bond, producing an abasic (apurinic and apyrimidinic) site. A DNA ligase enzyme covalently joins two DNA molecules by forming a phosphodiester bond, which is required during these processes.

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3 years ago

Why do you think a growing human population means mass extinction events for earths animals

Mazyrski [523]

if we wipe out an animals natural habitat, or introduce new wildlife the animals could die. This could cause a major problem in the areas ecosystem. That is what i know, and i think that major problems would happen, like to many of one species, which takes all the food from the other species, causing major problems, and even more animals to die.

7 0

3 years ago