At the end of the war, millions of people were dead and millions more homeless, the European economy had collapsed, and much of the European industrial infrastructure had been destroyed. The Soviet Union, too, had been heavily affected. The war changed the economical balance of the world, leaving European countries deep in debt and making the U.S. the leading industrial power and creditor in the world. Inflation shot up in most countries and the German economy was highly affected by having to pay for reparations.
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Physical geography is the branch of natural science which deals with the study of processes and patterns in the natural environment such as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere, as opposed to the cultural or built environment, the domain of human geography.
These features include vegetation, climate, the local water cycle, and land formations. Geography doesn't just determine whether humans can live in a certain area or not, it also determines people's lifestyles, as they adapt to the available food and climate patterns.
An example of physical geography is knowledge of earth's oceans and land masses. The scientific study of the natural features of the Earth's surface, especially in its current aspects, including land formation, climate, currents, and distribution of flora and fauna.
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1. carbonation
2. Hydration
3. Hydrolysis.
4. Oxidation-reducation reaction
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The Lithosphere according to the oxford dictionary is the rocky outer part of the Earth. The lithosphere is always moving, but very slowly. When an Earthquake occurs the Lithosphere becomes shaky and the Earthquake create ground rupture, landslides, avalanches, fires, forests destroyed and severe building damage.
Useful satellite data concerning sea ice began in late 1978 with the launch of NASA's Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) satellite.