<span>a. chemicals produced by neurons that function as hormones—neurohormones
b. chemicals that act locally on nearby cells—paracrine factors
c. chemicals secreted by presynaptic terminal—neurotransmiters
d. influences same cell type from which it is secreted—autocrine agent
e. chemical secreted into the blood by specialized cells; travels some distance to target tissues—endocrine hormones</span>
Answer:
All the given statements are correct except b.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) refers to the ability of a microorganism to grow in the presence of drug or a chemical that would normally limit its growth or kill it.
It makes it difficult for the existing drugs to eliminate the infection as they become less effective against the microbe.
There are five major mechanisms by which a microbe attains resistance against antimicrobial chemical or drug:
- Drug modification or inactivation: A microbial enzyme inactivates the antimicrobial agent. For example, few bacteria produce β-lactamases which provide multi-resistance against β-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin, cephalosporin etc.
- Alteration or modification of target site: An altered target site prevents the antimicrobial agent from binding to its target. For example, alteration of penicillin binding protein (PBP) in Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>(MRSA).
- Alteration of metabolic pathway: The microbe uses an alternative pathway to circumvent the blocked pathway. For example, sulfonamides-resistant bacteria started using preformed folic acid in place of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA).
- Decreased drug accumulation: Microbial efflux pumps remove the antimicrobial agent (before it could do any damage) by pumping it out of the cell.
- Decrease in cell permeability: The permeability of the microbial envelope to the antimicrobial agent is decreased
Answer:
The correct answer is - NO.
Explanation:
To be specific to the question, the answer would be no as analogous structures do not show that two distinct come from a common ancestor. However, it shows the evolutionary relationship by stating that the species have different evolutionary origins and developmental patterns as they developed the organs with similar function and appearance but anatomically and embryological development is different.
The answer to the question "Do wings show that a fly is related to a bird?", is no it does not show the relation between fly and bird.
The answer is Isolation I hope this helps you out
