Answer:
a) Salamanders are a sister group to the group containing lizards, goats, and humans.
Explanation:
A phylogenetic tree is a diagram that represents the evolutive relations between organisms. As you can see in the attached image, the branch that contains salamanders and the group containing lizards, goats and humans, come from the same point as they are in the group 2a and 2b, because of this <em>Salamanders are a sister group to the group containing lizards, goats, and humans.</em>
b) Goats are in the same level as humans because they come from the same point, so they are more close between them than with salamanders.
c) Lizards are more closely related to salamanders than humans, because humans are in an upper branch, then is not true that salamanders are closely related to lizards as to humans.
d) A basal taxon is a lineage that evolved early, so it separates from the tree in an early stage, as it happens to the salamanders that separated early but not humans.
Then the correct answer is a)
<em>Salamanders are a sister group to the group containing lizards, goats, and humans.</em>
