Romanticism was the 19th century artistic and intellectual movement which influenced nationalism in Europe. The artists tried to create a cultural unity which became the foundation of nationalism in Europe.
Romanticism emerged as a reaction to Enlightenment philosophy as it emphasized on emotions, freedom and individual imagination and opposed scientific rationalization and glorification of science.
Why was Persia ultimately unsuccessful in conquering Greece? Persia had fewer soldiers than Greece to fight its battles. Athens and Sparta were unbeatable when the two were united. Persia's distance from Greece worked to its disadvantage.
