One political similarity between Europe and South Asia from the period 400-1450 was that they both had the aristocracy which dominated the political systems, and provided order and unity among the population. Another similarity is that religious beliefs influenced power.
<em>I think the answer is</em> instituting universal military mobilization
<em>I hope this helps </em>
The main focus city of the Crusades was Jerusalem. The idea was that it was Christian territory, or at least should be Christian territory, and they always went to reconquer it. The fourth Crusade never made it to Jerusalem because they were busy sacking Constantinople which had a lot of troubles due to constant wars of the Byzantine Empire.
The three most prominent factors that contribute to Africa's lack of economic and human development are corrupt governments, a lack of material resources, and tribal warfare. All of these are somewhat intertwined. <span />
