The Umayyad Caliphate ruled the Islamic Empire from 661-750 CE. It succeeded the Rashidun Caliphate when Muawiyah I became Caliph after the First Muslim Civil War. Muawiyah I established his capital in the city of Damascus where the Umayyads would rule the Islamic Empire for nearly 100 years.
The observer emphasized a negative impression against the Jesuits’ effects on Native Americans based on the old natives whom he spoke about how they regretted the presence of the Jesuits. In addition, all they got is uncertain and unanswered truths. Moreover, the observer is confused whether the Native Americans are truly happy or displeased with the influences of the Jesuits.
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The principal exports are palm oil and palm kernels. Trading, local crafts, and wage labour also are important in the Igbo economy, and a high literacy rate has helped many Igbo to become civil servants and business entrepreneurs in the decades after Nigeria gained independence.
The answer is B. The Marshall Plan was made to lend mainly Germany money post-war, however what the US really wanted to happen was the Germans would take the money to pay back Britain and France who would then in turn pay the US back for aid lenses during the war. Although in the end it resulted in massive inflation in Germany and caused a worldwide economic slump that last for almost a decade because in the end the money wasn't making its way around the circle.