The number of representatives a state gets is based on the population number in that state
The origins of these acts go back to the constitution where the article 4 has a clause called the fugitive slave clause which orders states to deliver up fugitives from labor (euphemism for runaway slaves) when they are requested by slaveholders.
This clause was translated into the first 1793 statute which was basically a civil statute that was not well enforced according to the southern states, thus leading to the creation of the 1850 fugitive slave act.
The 1850 act was tougher than the previous one, punishing not only runaway slaves, but also people who harbored or aided slaves in any way, with civil and criminal penalties including up to 6 months imprisonment if caught and prosecuted successfully.
There were many documented cases of people being tortured and imprisoned in south because of helping fugitives.
These acts directly violated the democracy in several ways for example:
- Slavery had been abolished in many states of the US by the time these acts were created
- They were considered by many as some species of legalized kidnapping
- They encouraged illegal abduction or arrest and sale into slavery of free black men and women denying them the fair right to trial
One clear example would be the movie "Twelve years a slave" which depicts the documented case of Solomon Northup, a free black man who was sold as a slave without proof of him being one.
The answer is C. Cities grew rapidly in a period known as Urbanization. People came to cities to look for new jobs and many other reasons.
C. Jim Crow Laws
The Jim Crow Laws further restricted AA movement in the US, especially in the South
Desiderius Erasmus lived during a time period of significant change in 1500's Europe. This rebirth, or awakening, was being felt around the known world. During this time period in Europe, a religious renaissance was occurring. The Catholic Church, which was once the one and only church with the Pope as its all powerful leader, was beginning to be challenged by "free thinkers" who opposed some of the traditions and ideals put forth by Catholicism. This time period was also a rebirth/renaissance in the areas of technology, science, arts, and philosophy. The introduction of gunpowder, for an example, forever changed human warfare and made battles more deadly than ever.
