The shortest distance from a point to a straight line is the
measurement of the line segment which connects the point to the straight line.
This line segment should be perpendicular to the line and is thus called the
perpendicular distance.
Answer:

The world population at the beginning of 2019 will be of 7.45 billion people.
Step-by-step explanation:
The world population can be modeled by the following equation.

In which Q(t) is the population in t years after 1980, in billions, Q(0) is the initial population and r is the growth rate.
The world population at the beginning of 1980 was 4.5 billion. Assuming that the population continued to grow at the rate of approximately 1.3%/year.
This means that 
So


What will the world population be at the beginning of 2019 ?
2019 - 1980 = 39. So this is Q(39).


The world population at the beginning of 2019 will be of 7.45 billion people.
Perimeter is adding up all the dues together
if it’s 30
13+5=18
30-18=12
x is 12
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