Answer:
1 monosomy
2 trisomy
3 Down syndrome
4 Turner syndrome
5 non-disjunction
6 metaphase
7 twenty-two
8 largest (chromosome 1)
9 smallest (chromosome 22)
10 karyotype
Explanation:
Non-disjunction during meiosis I or II occur when homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids refuse to separate. This makes the resulting gametes to have too many or too few chromosome numbers in their genomes.
A gamete with too few chromosome number that participates in fertilization with a normal gamete will result in a zygote with abnormally less chromosome number. This situation is referred to as monosomy. Whereas, the fusion of a gamete with too many chromosome number with a normal gamete will result in a zygote with too many chromosome, a situation known as trisomy.
The manifestation of monosomy and trisomy in humans results in Turner and Down syndromes respectively.
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes out of which a pair determines maleness or femaleness - the sex chromosome. Other chromosomes are referred to as autosomes. Hence, there are 22 autosome pairs and 1 pair of sex chromosome.
Chromosomes are studied by karyotyping, a process that involves photographing chromosomes at the metaphase stage of the cell cycle, cutting them out, and then arranging them in decreasing order of size.
C. Dominant
The trait would be heterozygous which means one dominant allele and one recessive allele but the dominant allele always over powers the recessive allele
Most years, the populations of these insects in the tropical
rainforest remain fairly constant throughout the year because in summer as the
permafrost melts, pools of water which serves as a suitable breeding
environment for the insects are in abundance and it helps to maintain their population.
Answer:
Animal cells have a cleavage furrow which will pinch the cytoplasm into two nearly equal parts. While plant cells have a cell plate that forms halfway between the divided nuclei.
Explanation:
Answer:
The interference with the transport of pyruvate into mitocondria results in weight gain.
Explanation:
Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis. After being formed the pyruvate is transported into mitochondria to carry out the second stage of aerobic respiration that is TCA cycle.
Now if the pyruvate is not transported into mitochondria then the pyruvate will accumulate in the cytosol.The accumulation of pyruvate prevent further breakdown of glucose.
As a result the uncatabolized glucose is the converted into glycogen and the glycogen will accumulate in the liver and muscle leading to weight gain.
