When the source translates ideas, feelings, and thoughts into a code, this process is referred to as encoding. When the receiver interprets words or unspoken signals, this is referred to as decoding.
Thus the answer is most likely to be:
d. encoding, decoding
Answer:
The scientific method is the process in which, ideas in form of hypotheses, are tested against the real world through evidence which is obtained from observation of phenomena.
Explanation:
The scientific method is self correcting in the sense that, it involves coming up with an idea, then making an hypothesis, then making the observation which shall be tested against the idea. Further there is experimentation to confirm the validity of the hypothesis.
All of the above are testing mechanisms, that scientist use to provoke their idea with the real world facts, in the process, the idea might prove wrong and thereby shall have self corrected.
Scientific knowledge is cynical in the sense that, at each stage, we expect to prove the hypotheses wrong.
It depends on the type of the speech. If it is a short, impromptu or unimportant speech, there is no problem in displaying the aid. If it is a long, or important speech, it is better to not display the aid but if the speech is not memorised the aid should be somewhere where it doesn't draw attention and brief glances should be used if needed. Always look at the audience and not down at the aid.
