Answer AND Explanation:
Normal: GGA CTC CTC
Abnormal: GGA CAC CTC
mRNA for normal DNA: CCU GAG GAG
mRNA for abnormal DNA: CCU GUG GAG
Amino acids for normal DNA: Proline Glutamic acid Glutamic acid
Amino acids for abnormal DNA: Proline Valine Glutamic acid
Ans.
Gene regulation or regulation of gene expression involves mechanisms, used by the cells to enhance or reduce the expression of specific genes to make proteins or RNA. Gene regulation occurs at transcriptional level and post-transcriptional level, which involves regulation at translational level or protein level.
Regulation at translational level or protein level is also important as regulation at transcriptional level. Translational regulation controls formation of proteins from mRNA molecules and includes non-coding mRNAs and repressor proteins. It is important for cell growth, differentiation and cellular response to stress and provides an immediate adjustment of gene expression by directly regulating the protein concentration.
Regulation at protein level involves regulation of active protein. It includes regulation by various small molecules, post-translational modifications (such as phosphorylation), and proteolysis. Regulation only at transcriptional level is not sufficient to provide proper gene regulation and leads to various drawbacks, such as Fragile X Syndrome (due to defect in a protein).
Thus, 'gene regulation is important both at transcriptional level and at post-transcriptional level (during translation or protein level).'
B, a nucleus. Nuclei are membrane-bound organelles inside eukaryotic organisms. Eukaryotes are protists, fungi, plants, and animal cells. A bacteria is not a eukaryote, it is a prokaryote, so it does not have the membrane-bound structure of the nucleus.
Be careful, though, bacteria still have DNA. It is simply located in the center of the cell and is not encased in a membrane.
<span>palisade and spongy layers of the mesophyll are </span>the two layers of the plant containing chloroplasts
I'm not sure what you mean by "compartments", but the cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and approximately 5 liters of blood.
