A student would like to buy a cross-over SUV from a local dealer, but she thinks the payments will be too high. Marketing does n
1 answer:
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7. Option b. Consideration is mutual i.e. both parties get something in the return for the performance of the contract. However, Esmeralda has not given consideration in exchange.
Esmeralda was given the chance to audition for the Performing Arts High School which she succeeded in. She then moved to New York and attended School, studying drama and dance.
Esmeralda Santiago wrote her autobiography "When I Was Puerto Rican" which narrates her and her family's life moving from Puerto Rico to America. The book also follows the Puerto Rican girl through the many obstacles that she had to endure and overcome to change her life.
Learn more Esmeralda at
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Answer:
less than the social cost of producing it
Explanation:
A negative externality is a cost that is suffered by a third party as a result of an economic transaction. In a transaction, the producer and consumer are the first and second parties, and third parties include any individual, organisation, property owner, or resource that is indirectly affected. Externalities are also referred to as spill over effects, and a negative externality is also referred to as an external cost. Some externalities, like waste, arise from consumption while other externalities, like carbon emissions from factories, arise from production. For example, If we consider a manufacturer of computers which emits pollutants into the atmosphere, the free market equilibrium will occur when marginal private benefit = marginal private costs, at output Q and price P. The market equilibrium is at point A. However, if we add external costs, the socially efficient output is Q1, at point B. At Q marginal social costs (at C) are greater than marginal social benefits (at A) so there is a net loss. For example, if the marginal social benefit at A is £5m, and the marginal social cost at C is £10m, then the net welfare loss of this output is £10m - £5m = £5m. In fact, any output between Q1 and Q creates a net welfare loss, and the area for all the welfare loss is the area ABC. Therefore, in terms of welfare, markets over-produce goods that generate external costs. In the market equilibrium, the marginal consumer values the good less than the social cost of producing it.
