the first written constitution in the American colonies
While the Crusades ultimately resulted in defeat for Europeans and a Muslim victory, many argue that they successfully extended the reach of Christianity and Western civilization. The Roman Catholic Church experienced an increase in wealth, and the power of the Pope was elevated after the Crusades ended.
3. because Cixi, the empress of the Qing dynasty at the time peroid actually supported the Boxer rebellion due to her dislikes of the foreign people.
It would be the aspect of "Joint Stock Companies" that was created by the Commercial Revolution and most clearly paved the way for today’s corporations, since this allows for large amounts of capital to be raised while "spreading out" the risk.