Answer:
Traditional characteristics of property ownership, such as transfer, risk of loss, insurable interest, and right to encumber are "broken up" and subject to varying tests under the UCC to help create boundaries.
Explanation:
the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), a standardized collection of guidelines that govern the law of commercial transactions.
Real estate ownership carries with it a complex set of rights, and the bundle of rights concept has traditionally been the way in which those rights are described and summarized.
Traditional characteristics of property ownership, such as transfer, risk of loss, insurable interest, and right to encumber are "broken up" and subject to varying tests under the UCC to help create boundaries and limits to control in other to avoid excesses.
Answer:
Before-tax cost of debt ⇒ A. The interest rate the firm must pay on new long-term borrowing.
This refers to the interest rate that a firm will pay on long term borrowing as compensation to the lenders for lending the company some funds.
Cost of preferred stock ⇒ C. rate of return investors require based on the preferred stock dividend.
The cost of the preferred stock is the rate of the preferred dividend that investors require they are paid every year if dividends can be paid and sometimes even when it cannot.
Cost of Common Stock ⇒ B. the rate of return on retained earnings, and adjusted for flotation costs .
Commons stock costs is the required return on the retained earnings of a company.
WACC ⇒ D. the average cost of raising new financing.
Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) represents the total cost of raising capital for the company as it incorporates the costs of debt, preferred stock and common stock.
Answer:
1. Tax avoidance
2.Tax avoidance
3.Tax evasion
Explanation:
Tax avoidance refers to a legal way of reducing one's tax liability through lawful deductions. Ways to reduce tax liabilities are; capitalizing on tax advantage retirement accounts, liasing with tax advisor on the legal way for tax avoidance. Tax avoidance is however legal.
Examples of tax avoidance are;
1. Andrea keeps a record of all her business related expenses.
2. Daniel claims the amount of interest paid for his mortgage as tax deductions.
Tax evasion is a deliberate attempt by a tax payer to avoid payment of tax liability. It is a fraudulent action by a tax payer to wilfully evade tax in an illegal manner. In tax evasion, income is concealed to tax authorities inorder to evade tax payment which is a criminal offence. It is to be noted that tax evasion is illegal in the eye of the law.
Example of tax evasion is ;
3. Christian did not report the tips he earned on his tax return.
<span>the answer is Direct distribution
Direct distribution is a channel of distribution where the producer or manufacturer ensures his or her goods and services reaches the consumer without any intermediary like wholesalers or retailers, in this case all the middle players in the supply chain are eliminated.
By opening its own stores for selling sandwiches to consumers, Breadmakers, inc. will be doing a direct distribution (direct supply to consumers)</span>
