While studying the role of saliva in digestion of dogs Pavlov accidentally discovered Classical Conditioning, which denotes a <span>learning procedure in which a biologically potent stimulus (e.g. food) is paired with a previously neutral stimulus (e.g. a bell).</span>
In the case of the dogs Pavlov observed, the salivation was the unconditioned response and the salivation was the conditioned response.
<span>The turning point is, that during the Neolithic age, most societies started to turn from hunter/gahterers into farmers and animal herders. They did not more around a lot any more. Groups became larger, flat hierarchies changed into complex ones.</span>
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