Answer:
Anthocerophyta, Bryophyta, Hepatophyta.
Explanation:
Non vascular plants are defined as the plants which contains phloem, and xylem without the vascular system. They are containing simpler tissues which are specialized for internal transport of water.
They include bryophyta, hornworts (anthocerophyta), liverworts (hepatophyta) mosses, and some algae. Non vascular plants reproduce with the help of spores, and do not produce fruit, and flowers.
Answer: The genotype for the parent organism whose genotype is unknown is Ff.
Explanation: Let (F) represent the allele for purple which is dominant over (f) and (f) represent the allele for white.
The parent organism whose genotype is unknown is heterozygous for purple colour (Ff).
A cross between Ff and ff will produce four offsprings: two of which are Ff (heterozygous for purple colour) and two are ff (white).
Ff x ff = Ff, Ff, ff and ff.
Since (F) is dominant over (f), (Ff) will manifest as purple while (ff) will manifest as white. Therefore, half of the offsprings are purple while the other half are white.
See the attached punnet square for more information
Sexual gratification is the act of pleasing or satisfying one's sexual urges or others'. One of its kind is sexual sadism which is a sensual and sexual gratification derived from inflicting pain on a victim or seeing their victim suffer. It is a paraphilic coercive disorder wherein it inflicts continuous harm upon its victim even without the latter's compliance which sometimes lead not only to his/her eventual death but also defacement of his/her body.