American president Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-‐Republican party) led Congress to pass the Embargo Act of 1807. Effects on American shipping and markets: Agricultural prices and earnings fell. Shipping-related industries were devastated.
Multiple factors were involved in the decision of exploration of Mars.
Mars is similar to Earth in size and it is the next planet. Moreover, evidence was present to suggest that liquid water existed, and may possibly still exist, on Mars. All of these factors led to the planet's exploration.