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In political science, democratic backsliding, also known as democratic erosion or de-democratization, is a gradual decline in the quality of democracy. This decline is caused by the state-led weakening of political institutions that sustain the democratic system.
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Separation of Powers in the United States is associated with the Checks and Balances system. The Checks and Balances system provides each branch of government with individual powers to check the other branches and prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.
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Because he realized that the world was in fact round and that if you went the opposite way you would eventually end up in the same place.
The major complication was the Americas. A GIANT land mass with no way through it at the time.
