the areas under the control of Islamic law.
The Mayans made striking advances in writing, astronomy, and architecture. Both the Mayans and the Aztecs created highly accurate calendars. The Aztecs adapted earlier pyramid designs to build massive stone temples. The Incas showed great skill in engineering and in managing their huge empire. Aztec education was an important part of their culture. The Aztecs were very advanced scientific thinkers and mathematicians for their time. The Aztec number system was far more advanced than any other cultures at the time. In addition, Aztec science relied heavily on math. Which is why their calendars were highly accurate.
A) North Africa because Dar al-Islam was close to there, and some north-Africans were Muslim
Federalism is the distribution of power between a central authority and constituent units, such as the federal government in Washington DC and the states. Article V of the constitution allows for the creation of constitutional amendments via an act of Congress, or by the application of a majority of the states. In this case, both the states and the central authority are able to make necessary changes without the consent of the other.