As a result from McCulloch vs Maryland, two very important consequences aroused. First, the doctrine of the "implied powers" , understanding that the Constitution grants said implied powers to the Congress to implement the express powers. Secondly, that no state action can interfere with valid constitutional exercise of power by the federal government.
Before King Henry VIII established the Church of England, the country had been purely Catholic. But when he wanted to divorce Catherine of Aragon, his wife, the Pope didn't allow it. Divorce was absolutely prohibited. The King wanted an annulment of the marriage because his wife couldn't give him a male son. He asked the Pope for a divorce several times but it wasn't granted. Until he and his ministers found the solution in establishing the Protestant Church of England, which was absolutely independent of the Papacy. Protestants didn't like the Pope, so Henry was free to manage the Church as he desired. Henry made himself "Head of the Church of England" and was free to marry Ann Boleyn. As the head of the Church , he was in charge of the Archbishops, Bishops and all the clergy that the English Church still retained.
The change of religion in England had enormous repercussions for the country. Monasteries and convents were all closed. His ministers declared that monks, nuns and friars were living immoral lives rather than godly lives. They used to live lives of luxury rather than humility, while the rest of common people lived poor lives.
As regards Queen Elizabeth, when she became Queen in 1558, it was said that she would restore the Protestant faith in England. The persecution to Protestants during the reign of her half-sister Queen Mary had done much damage to the country. Elizabeth's religious points of view were surprisingly tolerant for the age in which she lived. She had her own convictions and beliefs and respected other people's views.
During her reign , her main priority was to bring peace and stability to her people. She only adopted strict measures against Catholics when Catholic extremists threatened her government.
Unfortunately for the Queen, many of her contemporaries didn't share her views on toleration and she was forced to be harsher towards Catholics than she wanted. She wanted her Church to appeal to both Catholics and Protestants. She had little sympathy with extremists of both religions. She hoped that by keeping the church as it was, her people would slowly become accustom to it. She wanted Catholicism to die naturally as people turned to the religion she had established. By the year of her death, 1603, the English people were generally Protestant and Catholics were the minority.
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The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Although you did not include any information on chapter 9, and we do not know it, we can help you with the following comments.
One innovative idea that had the biggest impact on how people lived is without a doubt, the discovery of electricity.
Let's put it in simple terms, without electricity there would be no television, no light, no computers.
In the 17th century, English scientist William Gilbert set the foundation to study electricity and magnetism. Another English scientist, Thomas Brown, followed the steps of Gilbert and wrote many essays on electricity. And yes, of course, in 1742, founding father Benjamin Franklin conducted his experiment of static electricity with the use of his famous kite.
The correct answer is B.
Market economies rely on the free interactions of economic agents (households, firms and public sector entities) in the product and factor markets, as the most efficient manner of determining the main economic outcomes: prices and amounts produced and consumed. Efficiency of the market mechanisms would maximize social welfare, in opposition to alternative mechanisms that, for example, rely on goveremnt interventionism and distort the functioning of markets.
1. Tenant farming is an agricultural production system in which landowners contribute their land and often a measure of operating capital and management, while tenant farmers contribute their labor along with at times varying amounts of capital and management.
2. Peonage, also called debt slavery or debt servitude, is a system where an employer compels a worker to pay off a debt with work. Legally, peonage was outlawed by Congress in 1867.