It would be that "d. Muhammad was engaged in long-distance trade where he came into contact with monotheists" that likely would have influenced his acceptance of monotheism, since this allowed for him to gain new and challenging points of view.
Because of unsolved issues. Like establishing colonial empires such as Germany concerned with their land.
The correct answer is (c)
Your directions are east and slightly south from New York.
Ultimately no actual cause of death was reported, only that Mr. Bloom died in his home in Chicago in 1999.