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Musya8 [376]
3 years ago
9

If a vaccine protects you for most of your life against a particular pathogen, why do you need a new flu shot every year? A. Inf

luenza evolves very quickly and its antigens mutate so that your memory cells from the last vaccine won’t recognize it. B. Influenza is so strong that you need a booster every year to make sure your body can fight it. C. Influenza is a virus, and vaccines only generate memory cells for bacterial infections. D. You don’t need it every year, it is just offered every year for anyone who does not have it yet.
Biology
1 answer:
Assoli18 [71]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

If you got a flu shot this year, next year you'll need it again.

Explanation:

This is because the virus changes, usually rendering the previous year's vaccine partly or totally useless. hope this helps you :)

You might be interested in
Consider this animal cell.<br> Which organelles are labeled G?
Paraphin [41]

Answer:

In the animal cell the organelles that is  labelled G is mitochondria.

Explanation:

Mitochondria are the membrane bound organelles with inner membranes folded inside which can form finger like structures called cristae. There numbers are more in the cell. They are basically responsible for the production of the energy, hence called as the power house of the cell. They also perform the cellular respiration, which means it takes the nutrients from the cell breaks it and makes energy from it. This energy is used by the cell to carry out various life processes.

7 0
2 years ago
Leigh's disease is a mitochondrially inherited disease with symptoms that include seizures, fatigue, impaired reflexes, breathin
Ahat [919]

About the question:

You will find the pedigree in the attached files

Answer:

  • individual 4 → Affected woman → Black circle
  • individual 5 → Affected woman or man → Black circle or square
  • individual 7 → Healthy woman → Empty circle
  • individual 10 → Affected boy → Black Square

Explanation:      

Mitochondrial inheritance is the transmission of a disease or a trait from the maternal line.

<em>Most of the DNI is in the nucleus, but there is also DNI in mitochondria. Sperm cells hardly transfer mitochondrial genes to the progeny</em>, so mitochondrial DNI is mostly inherited from the maternal side. If there exists any mutation in this mitochondrial DNI, the whole progeny of the mutated woman will be affected, as they will get the mother genotype carrying the mutation. On the contrary, if an affected man is carrying a mutation in mitochondrial DNI, non of their descendants will get the disease.

Before answering the question, let us remember the pedigree symbols.

  • Squares represent Males/Men
  • Circles represent Females/Women
  • Empty symbols represent healthy/non-affected individuals
  • Solid black symbols represent sick/affected individuals

In the exposed pedigree, we can see that the mother is affected by the disease (individual number 2), so all her children are also affected (individuals 4, 5, and 6) because the <em>disease is mitochondrially inherited</em>.

Individual 3 is a healthy man, so individual 4 must be an affected woman (Black circle). As she is the one affected, then all her children will also be affected. This couple <em>had one boy and two girls</em>. Individuals 8 and 9 are girls (circle), so individual 10 must be the affected boy (black square).  

On the other hand, individual 6 is an affected man (black square), son of individuals 1 and 2. This man couples with a woman, and they have all healthy children. So this woman (individual 7) must be healthy. Even though the man is affected, all their children are not because their mother (7) is not. Remember that sperm cells do not transmit the mitochondrial genes to the progeny.      

And finally, individual number 5 might be either a man or a woman. In any case, this person is also affected by Leigh's disease.  

5 0
3 years ago
A Punnett square is used to determine the __________.
oee [108]
A. Probable outcome
7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What is the reason for governments to intercede in the market?
grandymaker [24]
The reason for governments to intercede in the market is to insure there is regulation and no black market trading or selling occurring
with this, the government will create an equal opportunity for everyone to enter the market

Hope this helps
7 0
3 years ago
the couple is also concerned about their child inheriting hemophilia, another rare disease, which is x-linked. natalie’s brother
IgorC [24]

Hemophilia is a recessive X-linked condition and is inherited from parents. . The probability that Natalie and Daniel’s first child has hemophilia is<u> 1/4</u>, not 1/8. The statement is<u> false.</u>

<h3>What is an X-linked gene?</h3>

When talking about sex-linked genes, we refer to all those genes located in one of the sex-chromosomes and not in the somatic ones.

X-linked genes are the genes located specifically in the X sex chromosome.

Traits coded by these genes are inherited. This is, X-linked genes are transmitted from parents to children through generations.

According to this, X-linked genetic disorders will be inherited as well.

  • Men have a high probability of being affected since they only have one copy of the X chromosome.
  • In women, the effect of the mutation might be musk in heterozygous state if the mutation is recessive.

Hemophilia is a recessive X-linked disorder, which means it is coded by the recessive allele.

  • X+ ⇒ X chrosomosome with Dominant allele
  • X- ⇒ X chrosomosome with Recessive allele

<u>Genotype              Phenotype</u>

X+X+                   Healthy woman

X+X-                    Healthy carrier woman

X-X-                     Hemophilic woman

X+Y                      Healthy man

X-Y                       Hemophilic man

Let us make a pedigree of these families,

<u>Natalie's family</u>:

Mother         healthy carrier          X+X-

Father          healthy                      X+Y

Brother        hemophilic                X-Y  

Natalie         Healthy                     X+X- or X+X+  

Natalie has 1/2 chances of being carrier X+X- and 1/2 of being X+X+.

<u>Daniel's family</u>:

Mother         healthy carrier          X+X-

Father          hemophilic                X-Y  

Sister           hemophilic                X-X-

Daniel          Healthy                      X+Y

He has 1/2 chances of being healthy X+Y and 1/2 of being affected X-Y.

According to the product probability rule, if events A and B are independent from each other, the probability of occurrence of both events together is

P(A∩B) = P(A) x P(B)

In this case,

  • event A is Daniel being affected ⇒ 1/2
  • event B is Natalie being carrier ⇒ 1/2

P(A∩B) = P(A) x P(B) = 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/4

The probability that Natalie and Daniel’s first child has hemophilia is 1/4, not 1/8. The statement is<u> false.</u>

You can learn more about X-linked genes at

brainly.com/question/12420228

brainly.com/question/14704182

brainly.com/question/1387724

#SPJ1

7 0
1 year ago
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