Answer:
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GIDEON V. WAINWRIGHT (1963)
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Summary
Gideon v Wainwright (1963), a landmark Supreme Court case that under the Sixth Amendment requires states to provide counsel in criminal cases to any defendants unable to afford their own attorney. In 1961, Clarence Earl Gideon was charged with breaking and entering in a Florida poolroom and once in trial, asked the court to appoint him an attorney. Prior to the Supreme Court’s ruling, indigent defendants were not provided counsel unless charged of a capital offence. Given a 5 year prison sentence, Gideon felt unfairly treated by the courts and filed a writ of habeas corpus to the Florida Supreme Court, but was denied. Gideon then issued an appeal to the United States Supreme Court. In the unanimous decision, the Supreme Court ruled that Gideon’s trial was unconstitutional due to the lack of a defense attorney at his trial. The Court argued that the Sixth Amendment requires a state to provide a defense lawyer because lawyers are vital to a “fair trial.” The Supreme Court noted that federal government as well as the states are bound to Sixth Amendment, which ultimately lead to extending the right to counsel for indigent defendants. Therefore, the Court reasoned, its requirements could not turn on such a distinction. Therefore, the right to legal representation was acknowledged to be a right essential to due process in almost all cases.
In a major victory for indigent persons, the ruling created a precedent for future cases through the creation of the public defender system. The implementation of this system has been very beneficial for the indigent community, but it also has created many issues in regards to workload and representation for defenders. More than half of criminal cases are represented by public defenders and the caseload increases each year. Overcome with heavy workloads, public defenders does not possess the abundant amount of time that the client deserves to adequately review and prep for the trial. As a result, this issue forces many cases to reach plea deals.
Explanation:
The effect that the Gero Crucifix had on Medieval German art would be how uniquely it portrays Christ in it such that it serves a monumental work of Christ compared to its earliest depictions before. It focused more on the image of the 'suffering Christ' on the cross.
Answer:
Sugar Act, also called Plantation Act or Revenue Act, (1764), in U.S. colonial history, British legislation aimed at ending the smuggling trade in sugar and molasses from the French and Dutch West Indies and at providing increased revenues to fund enlarged British Empire responsibilities following the French and Indian
Explanation:
The correct answer is C) It restructured tribal governments.
The Great Depression improve the Native Americans' organization in that it restructured tribal governments.
But also Native Americans were impacted by government interventions in that the Bureau of Indian Affairs created reservation jobs for Native Americans to improve the tribal economy.
The Bureau of Indians Affairs was formed on March 11, 1824, by John C. Calhoun. Since its conception, the Bureau protects the assets and enhanced the quality of life of American Indians. That is what the Bureau did during the Great Depression in America that began in October 1929, after the stock market crash in which thousands of people lost their jobs, many companies closed, and banks went into bankruptcy.
D. An image of people who are competing for attention
