In this example, john's whistling is serving as a discriminative stimulus.
This procedure, studied by Ivan Pavlov, shows a stimulus ( in this case the action of John's whistling) and a response ( the cattle run to the food trough).
Pavlov studied it with dogs. He realised that when a trainer fed them, dogs salivated. So, he presented the dogs with a "stimulus" ( the sound of a metronome) and when he gave the dogs food. After a few repetitions, when the dog listened to the stimulus, it salivated.
Continuance of freedoms in the future. For example, by having access to text messages, police can find out whether any terrorist attacks are being plotted. This ensures that people aren't hurt. Yet, reading through text messages is seen as an infringement of privacy, which many view as an individuals right
we protest for rights, we protest for what is wrong, we also protest because we want to help the world