Ostracism was a procedure under the Athenian democracy in which any citizen could be expelled from the city-state of Athens for ten years.
Answer:
The way I see this is less a question on whether or not democracy is good, but whether it's within suitable boundaries to work correctly. The overarching state exists to keep a certain order, and, if someone is to see that status quo as bad, they often won't see a point to voting. If you agree don't think this, you should engage in discussion with them about the current status quo. If you do, you should try to find the least bad candidate if you choose to vote, while focusing on actions outside of a ballot.
Answer:
Split the Government into a Diarchy type situation
The Emperor leads Domestic Affairs, while the Shogun leads Military affairs within japan, create a parliament full of the daimyo so that internal politics becomes easier, and have the samurai act as Guards for important people in government.
This is just a brief idea, and the Shogun would likely just take back control, although I believe you can provide the checks and balances.
