I think the Arabs think that Santiago and the alchemist are spies. They allowed Santiago and the alchemist to keep the treasure because both have claimed that treasure doesn't have to be something material. The treasure can be something spiritual.
the grim outlook of the late Victorian era
It wold be D, like Nochillalisa said. There's more than 1 man. If it was man, then there would be no answer. But it's men, so it D.
This is True. The romantic period felt that the heart should be followed instead of reason and that rules and restraint destroy our potential.