I can't see what Option 1 is, but if I had to choose from the other three options I would say <u>Option 3: made laws based on scripture and tried lawbreakers in courts.</u>
Also, I can only see one answer for the next question (No. 19), but the main purpose of the Crusades was to unify Europe and retake the Holy Land (Jerusalem) from the Muslims. This was enacted after hundreds of years of Muslim attacks on Southern Europe (i.e Spain, Italy, etc.), they actually succeeded in Spain, and made force conversions of Christians to Islam when they took Rome. I took a trip to Spain last year and it was interesting to see the history of the conquests, there was an old prison that had crosses carved into the wood on the sides from Christians trying to pray before they were executed.
