I believe the answer is A. <span>He observed that not all heavenly bodies moved around the Earth.</span>
Social Darwinism postulates that those members of society who have the most social value will prosper and that social failures will breed less (have fewer or no children).
<span>Paternalism postulates that it is morally better to help social unfortunates, including extending their lives and breeding opportunities (help them to have more children who survive and perpetuate their gene lines).</span>
It would be primarily "b. Office of Management and Budget" that is a part of the Executive Office of the President, although they also have strong ties to Congress.