Answer:
The Scramble for Africa, also called the Partition of Africa or the Conquest of Africa, was <u>the invasion, occupation, division, and colonisation of African territory by European powers during a short period known to historians as the New Imperialism</u> (between 1881 and 1914). In 1870, <u>only 10 percent of Africa was under formal European control</u>; by 1914 <em>this had increased to almost 90 percent of the continent</em>, with only Ethiopia (Abyssinia), the Dervish state (a portion of present-day Somalia) and Liberia remaining independent. <u>The European colonialists had several motives</u>:<em> a desire for valuable natural resources, the quest for national prestige, rivalry between European powers, and religious missionary zeal</em>. Internal African native politics also played a role.
Explanation:
The scramble for Africa <u>represents the most thorough and systematic process of colonialism in world history</u>.
~ The European colonial powers managed to conquer and control almost the entire continent of Africa in a short, twenty-five year period from about 1875 to 1900.
~ Some of the European states involved were already well-established global powers; the others were up and coming nations that desired to emulate and compete with the dominant imperial states.
The Answer is September 8, 1943
Answer:
Inflation
Explanation:
During the early 1920’s the Weimar Republic (German government from 1918 to 1933) was affected by Hyperinflation*, particularly in 1923. This happened because Germany had many debts they could not afford: a) the Reichstag (German parliament until 1918) funded the costs of WWI by borrowing money, which they could not repay after the War, as Germany was defeated by the Allies and could not annex the rich territories they tried to occupy; b) after the Great War the debt was increased as the Allies imposed very large reparation sums to be paid by Germany (Treaty of Versailles and London Payment Plan).
With the London Payment Plan, Germany had to repay the money in gold or foreign currency in annual installments. When they started the repayments in gold marks, during the summer of 1921, the paper mark started to lose value because after the repayment they started to buy foreign currency at any rate, which started to depreciate the paper mark. This caused that by 1922 Germany was not able to buy foreign currency or gold in paper marks, so they had to start exchanging them for goods; and so, they were not able to make the repayments. Then, in 1923, to ensure Germany paid the reparations agreed France and Belgium occupied the Ruhr valley, which prompted workers to go on a strike. This meant that there was no income from production. So Germany had to print more paper marks to pay for salaries, which inundated the market with paper marks, devaluating the currency and creating a hyperinflation. By November 1923 a USD was equivalent to 4,210,500,000,000 marks.
<u>* Hyperinflation</u>: when inflation is very high and happens in a very short time. As the general price of goods and services increases, the real value of the currency highly decreases. The purchasing power of the currency decreases. This means that, for example, with one dollar you can buy less things than before inflation. Therefore, people cannot buy essentials as their prices become exorbitant.
