One year
The different positions are the different seasons
Answer: 3
Explanation:
The polymerase chain reaction, known as PCR, is a technique in molecular biology developed in 1986 by Kary Mullis. Its objective is to obtain a large number of copies of a particular DNA fragment, starting from a minimum; in theory it is sufficient to start from a single copy of that original fragment, or mold.
<u>This technique builds on the natural property of DNA polymerases to replicate DNA strands by using alternating high- and low-temperature cycles to separate newly formed DNA strands from each other after each phase of replication, and then allowing the DNA strands to re-assemble so that they can be duplicated again</u>.
Since the temperatures of the cycle (95°C in the DNA denaturation phases) imply the immediate denaturation of any protein, thermostable DNA polymerases are used, extracted from microorganisms adapted to live at these temperatures, which are restrictive for most living beings. Today, the whole PCR process is automated by an apparatus called a thermal cycler, which allows the reaction tubes to be heated and cooled to control the temperature required for each stage of the reaction.
Once the first cycle is completed, we have 2 copies of the original sample. Because there are 2 strands of DNA and each of one is copied. At the end of the second cycle, there are 4, and at the end of the third cycle 8... If the cycles occur a number "n" of times and assuming that the number of DNA copies doubles in each cycle, we obtain a DNA quantity of 2^n, so the amplification is done in the form of geometric progression.
So, three cycles are needed to increase eight times in quantity, because 2^3= 8.
The ectotherms include the fishes,amphibians, reptiles,and invertebrates.
Answer:
Sources of analog (continuous) information:
1. Violin. It can create a sound of any height. The transition from tone to tone is smooth and continuous.
2. TV. The kinescope beam moves smoothly and continuously across the screen, and the brightness of individual sections changes smoothly.
3. Phone, the sound Volume changes smoothly and continuously.
Analog information can be turned into digital information (for example, you can assign a number in different colors or write music in notes) and Vice versa.
Explanation:
Answer:
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell. They are organelles that act like a digestive system which takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy rich molecules for the cell. The biochemical processes of the cell are known as cellular respiration.
Explanation: