The tremendous changes that industrialism and urbanization brought triggered a debate over how best to address society's problems. Some Americans embraced the ideas of individualism and Social Darwinism.
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A transcript of a presidential speech.
(Because it is original and unedited)
It would be "the child's friends," who cannot refer a child into the system, since these friends have no legal status over the well-being of the child in question, although they can offer support.