I think it is <span>A. </span><span>adjective clause</span>. Because we have here relative pronoun "who" that plays a role of a subject.
Your answer is definitely C, close reading. The rest do not necessarily match the criteria.
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The figurative language is personification.
The meaning behind this quote and use of figurative language is rich. It means that "we" (those that are speaking) suffered slowly during said draught, and time continued passing while the days blended together. By 'day after day the pitiless sun blazed down,' the narrator means that every time a day passed and the sun set, it was sad and pathetic - meaning so little. The sun is personified in order to add depth and information to the text, which allows the reader to grasp the idea and mood the author is trying to convey to the audience.
The repetition of 'how we ended world war one' emphasises the fact that they are probably proud of the actions they've done to end the war. They want to inform you that they did these specific things to prevent the war from going on. It's like a reminder to the reader that the people then did a lot.
