To strengthen his power,Philip insisted on strict conformity to Catholicism and strong monarchial authority.
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In America the first railroad built was in 1830
The landscape in the areas under Muslim control from the 7th Century changed radically. Their rich contributions are most notable within the fields of irrigation, farming techniques, encyclopaedic works in botany, and the introduction new plants and crops.
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Earning the nickname Suleiman the Magnificent, he is heralded as the greatest Ottoman Sultan. He saw himself as a major player in European politics and expanded Ottoman holdings into the continent, starting with Belgrade in 1521. They reached the gates of Vienna in 1529 and with the help of increased naval power expanded Ottoman holdings throughout North Africa, the Hijaz, and much of the Middle East. He also developed a legal system, consistent with Sharia, and compatible with Western Christian tradition
