Answer:
The expected real value (in terms of January 1, 2009, dollars) of the depreciation charge in year 2013 will be $1,958,815.416.
Explanation:
It is expected that the value of the dollar in the German market will fall at the same rate as that of the real market value of the dollar when we envisage the exchange rate will remain the same. Thus the depreciation of the tax write-off in terms of its real value in dollars will fall at 5% every year from 2009 to 2013.
Therefore, at a tax rate of 50% in Germany, a $2.5 million charge on depreciation on the investment of $5 million will result in 2013.
To calculate the real value of the dollar at an inflation of 5% yearly in 2013
When the tax rate in German is 50%, then charges of depreciation of $5 million will equal4$2.5 million in 2013 dollars. When the dollar's real value of this write-off is declining due to the inflation at 5% annually, the real value in 2013 will be calculated as:
Given: $2,500,000 (P/F , 5%, 5years)
; 0.78356 (factor for calculating the amount to be recieved after 5years)
= $2,500,000 * 0.78356
= $1,958,815.416
Answer:
5.925%
Explanation:
For computing the cost of debt, first we have to determine the YTM by using the Rate formula that is shown in the attachment
Given that,
Present value = $1,050
Assuming figure - Future value or Face value = $1,000
PMT = 1,000 × 8% = $80
NPER = 20 year - 1 year = 19 year
= Rate(NPER;PMT;-PV;FV;type)
The present value come in negative
So, after solving this,
1. The pretax cost of debt is 7.50%
2. And, the after tax cost of debt would be
= Pretax cost of debt × ( 1 - tax rate)
= 7.50% × ( 1 - 0.21)
= 5.925%
Answer:
Ans. (1) For preparing vaccines, in olden days,microbes were injected in the bodies of horses ormonkeys. These laboratory animals used to makeantibodies to defend these microbes. Antibodies areproteins which can act against the disease-causinggerms. These antibodies were extracted from theblood of these animals and were used as vaccines.(2) Now-a-days with the advent of biotechnology,the vaccines are manufactured in laboratories withthe help of bacteria. For this purpose, a detailedstudy of the disease causing germ is undertaken.The genes and the DNA of such microbes arethoroughly explored. Then based on thisinformation, proteins which can act against suchmicrobes are synthetically prepared in thelaboratories. The safe vaccine is produced in such away which can defend the body against infections.3) Some types of vaccines are prepared from theextracts of germs. These germs or microbes aredeactivated and made dormant. When they areinjected in the body of a person, they initiate thedefending action. The body of such vaccinatedperson, already develops the antibodies in his or herbody. When in future, this person is again attackedby similar germs the defence starts immediately andthe person does not become sick.Ans. (1) For preparing vaccines, in olden days,microbes were injected in the bodies of horses ormonkeys. These laboratory animals used to makeantibodies to defend these microbes. Antibodies areproteins which can act against the disease-causinggerms. These antibodies were extracted from theblood of these animals and were used as vaccines.(2) Now-a-days with the advent of biotechnology,the vaccines are manufactured in laboratories withthe help of bacteria. For this purpose, a detailedstudy of the disease causing germ is undertaken.The genes and the DNA of such microbes arethoroughly explored. Then based on thisinformation, proteins which can act against suchmicrobes are synthetically prepared in thelaboratories. The safe vaccine is produced in such away which can defend the body against infections.3) Some types of vaccines are prepared from theextracts of germs. These germs or microbes aredeactivated and made dormant. When they areinjected in the body of a person, they initiate thedefending action. The body of such vaccinatedperson, already develops the antibodies in his or herbody. When in future, this person is again attackedby similar germs the defence starts immediately andthe person does not become sick.
Since the store is already close-- there's no point of having the employee to come in because as a security guard, it is best to protect the store and having to protect it in a way that a person shouldn't be let in when it is already closed even if the person looks like someone who is working in the store. If the employee has some excuses as to why he or she wants to come in, it best to respond in a way that he or she should come back when the store opens or during his or her shift.
The purchase and suppy of goods and services takes place in the product market.
