Question

How did the issue of slavery affect the debate on representation at the Constitutional Convention? Both regions recognized that how enslaved people were counted would significantly affect representation. The northern states were convinced that enslaved people should be included fully as a part of the population. The southern states knew counting enslaved people as part of the population would damage their governmental position. Neither region wanted the enslaved people counted as part of the population because it would skew their representation.

Answer 1

The right answer is "Both regions recognized that how enslaved people were counted would significantly affect representation."

Many issues remained unresolved during the constitutional convention. Among the most important was the subject of slavery. Slaves were close to a fifth of the population in the American colonies. Most lived in the southern colonies, where they reached 40 percent of the population. Whether slavery should be permitted and continued under the new constitution was a matter of north-south conflict, with several southern states refusing entry into the union if slavery were forbidden. So there was no serious discussion about the abolition of slavery.

The most debatable issue of slavery was the question of whether slaves would be taken into account as part of the population in determining representation in Congress or were considered as property and without the right to representation. State delegates with large populations of slaves defended the idea that slaves should be considered people in determining representation, but as property if the new government were to impose taxes on states based on population. The delegates of states where slavery had disappeared or had almost disappeared defended the idea that slaves should be included in taxes, but not in the determination of representation.

Finally the Commitment of the Three Fifths was proposed by the delegate James Wilson and adopted by the convention. By this commitment only three-fifths of the slave population would be counted toward enumeration purposes both at the time of tax distribution and at the apportionment of the members of the United States House of Representatives.

Answer 2

Answer:

The correct answer is option A.

The issue of slavery affected the debate on the representation at the Constitutional Convention as both the regions recognized that how the enslaved people were counted would significantly affect their representation.

Explanation

The debate on the Constitutional Convention on the issue arose with the number of representation of the states in the House. The eventual compromise that was reached at the end of the debate was that the representation of the slaves shall be the three-fifth of that of a free person.  

Further Explanation

The debate on the Constitutional Convention in the month of February in the year 1787 was in order to let Congress to consider the revision of the Articles of the Confederation, the first constitution of the nation. The debate on the issue of slavery arose with the representation of the slaves as the population to determine the representation of the states. The Southern states of the country felt fearful of the fact that they would be overpowered by the strong states in the House. Hence in order to increase their representation they argued that the slaves must be included in the population to affect their representation. This was then criticized by the other powerful states who argued that the slaves were the property and not the persons and hence their representation must not be considered.  

Hence the compromise was reached through the Article 1, Section 2 of the Constitution which incorporated the ideas of both the property and person respectively. The compromise thus stated that the free persons which excluded the Indians which were not taxed and including all those who were bound with the Service for the term of years, plus the three-fifth of all other persons.

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Keywords

Debate on constitutional convention, debate on slavery, three-fifth voting of slaves, representation of the Southern states, concerns of the southern states in the Constitutional debate.