Lack, want, need, require as verbs all stress the absence of something desirable, important, or necessary. Lack means to be without or to have less than a desirable quantity of something: to lack courage, sufficient money, enough
Participle is a verbal form that is used as if it were an adjective or adverb.
So, if the verb is, for example, "to bark" the participle would be"barking" as in "this barking dog"
and the correct answer is b. barking!
The spread of religious conflict in Europe
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