The reduced potential causes hundreds of <u>voltage-gated sodium</u> channels to open on that part of the cell membrane. The depolarization of the cell causes more of <u>voltage-gated sodium </u>channels to open in adjacent parts of the cell membrane. This begins the wave of of <u>depolarization</u> moving down the axon. Depolarization begins at the <u>axon hillock.</u>
Explanation:
When there is no neuron signaling it becomes polarized, termed as resting membrane potential (RMP) at a threshold voltage (around -55 mV), due to the action of the sodium-potassium pump and the potassium leak channels.
When a change in the RMP occurs, depolarization takes place which causes the voltage-gated sodium channels to open and sodium ions rush into the nerve cell which in turn will increase the voltage threshold to nearly around +40 mV and also charges the neuron positive. This depolarization moves down the axon. This increase in threshold stops the sodium influx and opens the potassium channels to rush the potassium out of the cell.
All these actions decrease the membrane potential leading to a wave of depolarization and going back to resting state. Depolarization begins depending upon the potential gradient at the axon hillock.
(C) they used trans-Saharan trade route to acquire expensive ivory.
Answer:
ATP consists of an adenosine molecule
bonded to three phophate groups in a row.
In a process called cellular respiration, chemical energy in food is converted into chemical energy that the cell can use, and stores it in molecules of ATP.
This occurs when a molecule of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) uses the energy released during cellular respiration to bond with a third phosphate group, becoming a molecule of ATP. So the energy from cellular respiration is stored in the bond between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate groups of ATP. When the cell needs energy to do work, ATP loses its 3rd phosphate group, releasing energy.
Explanation:
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messenger RNA (mRNA) carries a transcript (copy) of the DNA's instructions out of the nucleus to the cytoplasm where it attaches to a ribosome.
transfer RNA (tRNA) begins to read (translate) the information on the attached mRNA and corresponding to this information, fetches the appropriate amino acids from the pool of free amino acids in the cytoplasm, and brings them to the ribosome where they are linked into a chain or polymer forming the primary structure of the desired protein.
