Answer:
(a) $50,980.35
(b) $5,129.90
(c) $2,400
(d) $50,980.35
(e) $5,129.90
(f) $2,400
Explanation:
A constant payment for a specified period is called annuity. The future value of the annuity can be calculated using a required rate of return.
Formula for Future value of annuity is
F = P * ([1 + I]^N - 1 )/I
P =Payment amount
I = interest rate
N = Number of periods
(a) $1,000 per year for 16 years at 14%
F = $1,000 x ([1 + 14%]^16 - 1 )/14%
F = $50,980.35
(b) $500 per year for 8 years at 7%
F = $500 x ([1 + 7%]^8 - 1 )/7%
F = $5,129.90
(c) $600 per year for 4 years at 0%.
F = $600 x 4
F = $2,400
(d) $1,000 per year for 16 years at 14%
F = $1,000 x ([1 + 14%]^16 - 1 )/14%
F = $50,980.35
(e) $500 per year for 8 years at 7%
F = $500 x ([1 + 7%]^8 - 1 )/7%
F = $5,129.90
(f) $600 per year for 4 years at 0%.
F = $600 x 4
F = $2,400
Answer: The present value of the new drug is $19.33 million
We follow these steps to arrive at the answer:
Expected Revenues from the drug in year 1(P) $2 million
Growth Rate (g) 2% p.a.
No. of years (n) 17 years
Discount rate (r) 9% p.a.
Since the revenues are expected to grow at a constant rate of 2% p.a, we can treat this series of cash flows as a <u>growing annuity. </u>
We calculate the Present Value of a growing annuity with the following formula:
![PV = \frac{P}{r-g}*\left [ 1- \left (\frac{1+g}{1+r}\right)^{n}\right]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=PV%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BP%7D%7Br-g%7D%2A%5Cleft%20%5B%201-%20%5Cleft%20%28%5Cfrac%7B1%2Bg%7D%7B1%2Br%7D%5Cright%29%5E%7Bn%7D%5Cright%5D)
Substituting the values we get,
![PV = \frac{2}{0.09-0.02}*\left [ 1- \left (\frac{1+0.02}{1+0.09}\right)^{17}\right]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=PV%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B0.09-0.02%7D%2A%5Cleft%20%5B%201-%20%5Cleft%20%28%5Cfrac%7B1%2B0.02%7D%7B1%2B0.09%7D%5Cright%29%5E%7B17%7D%5Cright%5D)
![PV = \frac{2}{0.07}*\left [1- 0.323558233\right]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=PV%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B0.07%7D%2A%5Cleft%20%5B1-%200.323558233%5Cright%5D)


The best answer is B) Scarcity
Scarcity refers to the fact that we do not have an unlimited amount of resources with which to obtain the things we want. In this case, students have various obligations and desires, such as working, relaxing, and doing homework, but a scarcity of time with which to do these things.
Wage discrimination
when somebody is paid less than somebody else based upon a physical characteristic
Answer: D. Combining and individual fund financial statements.
Explanation: Annual financial Report, the most common of this set of reports issued are general purpose financial statements that include income statement, balance sheet, retain earnings and statement of cash flow. It is a financial statement of 12 consecutive months in a year.
There are items that will be include such as Combining and individual fund financial statements.