First, a principality was a small kingdom or state where a prince or a king would rule over a certain territory while protecting its population. Therefore principalities were widespread during the Feudal Era because there were multiple kingdoms and each one would have its own ruler, Also, bigger principalities would decide to absorb small ones or to fight against each other and this is how big kingdoms and empires formed at this time. Second, principalities in northern Asia, in the 1200s were small territories that were run by Russian rulers (option D) Russian rulers decided to conquer the small northern principalities.
Dollar diplomacy of the United States—particularly during President William Howard Taft's presidential term— was a form of American foreign policy to minimize the use or threat of military force and instead further its aims in Latin America and East Asia