Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are opposing pathways in that they begin or end with the same metabolites and share common interm
ediates and/or enzymes. Yet, for energetic reasons, the two processes cannot be the exact reverse of each other. How is this possible? a. Because not every intermediate or enzyme participates in both pathways, conditions will dictate which pathway is stimulated while the other is inhibited. b. Levels of ATP will dictate which pathway is operational. c. Both pathways make use of substrate cycles.
Glycolysis may be defined as the process of break down of glucose to generate ATP. Gluconeogenesis may be defined as the generation of glucose from the other carbohydrate source. These two process are not reverse of each other exactly.
The ATP level will determine which pathway is activated. The substrate cycles are used in both guconeogenesis and glycolysis pathway. All the enzymes are not exactly similar and the body's biological condition determines the pathway activation and inhibition.
Homologous structures refers to organs or bones that have similar anatomical features found in different animals that are suggested to have the same common ancestor and serves as an evidence of evolution.
Whakes, humans and cats have similar bones in the same order but different in function.
Since the temperature is above 37 degrees, the child’s digestive
system will begin to slow down as the enzyme begins to denature because both
the internal temperature and the external body heat influence digestive
processes. The effect upon the system of the temperature of food and drink is
also a matter of significant consideration.
In the case of catalase, the optimum pH is approximately pH 7.0. That is, catalase works best at a neutral pH. If the solution is too acidic (low pH value) or too basic (high pH value) the catalase is inactive and no longer functions as an enzyme.
