Well the flu is a virus. Knowing it’s a virus we know they multiply by entering a cell and passing over there rna then converted to be dna and creating other versions of them selfs until cytolysis occurs meaning the cell explodes with these new viruses and do the same with other cells. Since these dna conventions to create protein body parts of virus means there’s a increase in chemical reactions in the body and enzyme production. Also since your body has an immune system it can sense these antigens from the virus’s and cause increase in certain white blood cells to come in and kill these viruses and cells. In essence chemical and enzyme reactions increase. To survive.
Chemicals can make mutations by a number of mechanisms. Base
analogs are incorporated into DNA and mostly pair with the wrong base.
Alkylating agents, deaminating chemicals, hydroxylamine, and oxidative radicals
change the structure of DNA bases, thus altering their pairing properties.
Introducing agents wedge between the bases and cause single-base insertions and
deletions in replication.
Explanation:
The Earth's geologic past is divided into hierarchical time periods. This hierarchy comprises eons, eras, times, epochs, and ages, from largest to smallest. The Cenozoic, Mesozoic, and Paleozoic Periods are the three main divisions of the Phanerozoic.
Answer:
The binding of a neurotransmitter on a postsynaptic cell allows potassium ions to diffuse out of the cell. This would result in a NEGATIVE CELL MEMBRANE POTENTIAL which is an HYPERPOLARIZATION event.
Explanation:
The binding of a neurotransmitter to a postsynaptic cell results in a group of channels in the cell membrane called ligand gated channels open or close in response to that binding.
Hyperpolarization occurs when a ligand gated channel opens and allows potassium ion to flow out of the cell.
During hyperpolarization, potential of the cell membrane experience changes which makes it to become more negative.
It should be the last one, but if you can pick more than one answer then I would do the first and last one but I’m confident that it would be the last one either way :) hopefully this is helpful
