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The Texas oil boom, sometimes called the gusher age, was a period of dramatic change and economic growth in the U.S. state of Texas during the early 20th century that began with the discovery of a large petroleum reserve near Beaumont, Texas. The find was unprecedented in its size and ushered in an age of rapid regional development and industrialization that has few parallels in U.S. history. Texas quickly became one of the leading oil producing states in the U.S., along with Oklahoma and California; soon the nation overtook the Russian Empire as the top producer of petroleum. By 1940 Texas had come to dominate U.S. production. Some historians even define the beginning of the world's Oil Age as the beginning of this era in Texas.[1]
The major petroleum strikes that began the rapid growth in petroleum exploration and speculation occurred in Southeast Texas, but soon reserves were found across Texas and wells were constructed in North Texas, East Texas, and the Permian Basin in West Texas. Although limited reserves of oil had been struck during the 19th century, the strike at Spindletop near Beaumont in 1901 gained national attention, spurring exploration and development that continued through the 1920s and beyond. Spindletop and the Joiner strike in East Texas, at the outset of the Great Depression, were the key strikes that launched this era of change in the state
Answer:
Soon after the end of the Second World War, an arms race began between the USA and NATO, founded in 1949, on the one hand and the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc on the other. Above all, it was about the development of more effective nuclear weapons. In the end, the rivalry exhausted the USSR's economy so much that it hastened its disintegration.
This arm race began during World War II, with American project Manhattan in early 1945. The Soviet Union acquired the technology for the production of nuclear bombs in 1949. The next phase, for which there was a specific increase in the power of nuclear weapons, lasted until the early 1960s.
The arms race between the United States and the USSR was partially dampened by some mutual disarmament efforts. One of the first major treaties between these powers is abbreviated SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks) and took place in 1969. Later efforts to disarm each other can be attributed to President Ronald Reagan in the mid-1980s.
