Answer:
Mutation occurred in ribosome binding site that serves as binding site for 30S ribosomal subunit of <em>E. coli</em> and allows the process of protein synthesis to begin.
Explanation:
The initiation of protein synthesis in bacteria requires binding of the ribosome to the ribosome binding site. The ribosome binding site in bacteria consists of the initiation codon "AUG" and the preceding Shine-Dalgarno sequence. The AUG initiation codon and Shine Delgrano sequence are around 10 bases apart.
The sequence is polypurine hexamer and is represented by 5' ...AGGAGG...3'. Shine-Delgrano sequence is complementary to the conserved sequence present at the 3' end of 16SrRNA of the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome. Binding of Shine Delgrano sequence of ribosome binding site and the complementary sequence of the 30S ribosomal subunit marks the first step in the initiation of protein synthesis.
Any mutation in the ribosome binding site would not allow the process of protein synthesis to start or would reduce the rate of the initiation of protein synthesis.
Answer: entering a host cell and making copies of itself
Viruses reproduce by infecting a host cell, and making it produce copies of a virus instead of antibodies. This is how viruses double in your body.
Hope it helps you!
The correct option is A.
Living organisms depend on their environment to survive, when there are changes in the environment which are not favorable to the living organisms, it will eventually leads to the wiping out of the living organisms. As time goes on and the environment recover, the living organisms that will be found in the new environment are those who will be able to survive in it.
NOTE: the steps of the signal transduction pathway to be arranged is in the attached file.
Answer:
The correct signal transduction pathway in order from the releasing of glucagon into the blood to the promotion of glycogenolysis includes:
- Glucagon binds extracellulary to G- protein coupled receptor.
-G protein releases GDP and binds FTP
-Activated G protein activates adenylate (adenylate) cyclase.
-Adenylate cyclase converts ATP to cAMP.
-Cyclic AMP activates protein kinase A
- phosphorylase kinase phosphorylates glucogen phosphorylase, an enzyme needed for glycogenolysis.
Explanation:
As carbohydrates from food consumed is digested, it's end product, the glucose, is assimilated into the cells for energy production through the help of insulin in a process called glycolysis. Excess of glucose is stored in the liver as GLYCOGEN.
In cases where there is reduced sugar in the blood (hypoglycemic state) another pathway (known as glycogenolysis through
GLUCAGON hormone) is initiated to elevate the concentration of glucose in the blood.
